Kofun Information

This page aims to accumulate and organize what I have larned concerning kofun in Japan. See My Reasons for details of my motives for writing this page.

Contents in this page

Large-sized Kofun in Japan

When thinking about Iwase-senzuka history, it is clearly beneficial to have knowledge of historical circumstances in the Japanese Islands during the Kofun Period. The distribution of large-sized kofun must contain something helpful about that. The list of kofun which are 200 meters long or more is as follows. (Kofun Name indicates that the kofun is an imperial mausoleum, or ryobo in Japanese, which is designated by the Imperioal Household Agency.)

The 3rd century

A list of kofun of which length are 200 meters or more (The 3rd C.)
Area Name Size Period Clus-ter Name Loca-tion
SE. Nara Basin Hashi-haka 276m mid-3rd C. Maki-muku Saku-rai City
Saku-rai Cha-usu-yama 208m 2nd half of 3rd C., after Hashi-haka Tomi-yama
Nishi-tono-zuka 234m 2nd half of 3rd C. Kayo Tenri City
Mesuri-yama 230m 3rd C.'s 2nd half–4th C.'s start Tomi-yama Sakurai City

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The 4th century

A list of kofun of which length are 200 meters or more (The 4th C.)
Area Name Size Peri-od Clus-ter Name Loca-tion
SE. Nara Basin Andon-yama 242m 1st half of 4th C. Yanagi-moto Tenri City
Shibu-tani Mukai-yama 300m 4th C.'s 2nd half
Shima-no-yama 200m 4th C.'s end–4th C.'s start Umami Kawa-nishi Town, Nara Pref.
Suyama 204m 4th C's end–5th C.'s start Umami Koryo Town, Nara Pref.
N. Nara Basin Saki Misa-sagi-yama 207m 2nd half of the 4th C. Saki Tata-nami Nara City
Saki Ishi-zuka-yama 218m 2nd half of the 4th C.
Gosa-shi 275m the 4th C.
Minami-kawa-chi, Osaka Tsudo Shiro-yama 210m 2nd half of the 4th C. Furu-ichi Fujii-dera City
Naka-tsu-yama 290m circa 4th C.'s end
Sen-nan, Osaka Mayu-yama 200m 2nd half of 4th C. - Kishi-wada City
Kyoto Pref. Amino Choshi 201m 4th C's end–5th C.'s start - Kyo-tango City

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The 5th century

A list of kofun of which length are 200 meters or more (The 5th C.)
Area Name Leng-th Peri-od Clus-ter Name Loca-tion
SW. Nara Basin Muro Miya-yama 240m 1st half of 5th C. Katsu-ragi Gose City
Tsuki-yama 208m the 5th C. Umami Yamato-takada City
Niki-yama 200m 1st half of 5th C. Koryo Town, Nara
N. Nara Basin Horai-yama 226m the start of the 5th C. Saki Tata-nami Nara City
Ko-nabe 204m 1st half of the 5th C.
Hisha-ge 219m mid-5th C.–2nd half of 5th C. Saki Town, Nara
Uwa-nabe 255m circa mid-5th C. Nara City
Ichi-niwa 253m the 5th C.
Minami-kawachi, Osaka Haka-yama 225m the start of the 5th C. Furu-ichi Habi-kino City
Konda Gobyo-yama 425m 1st half of the 5th C.
Ichi-no-yama 230m mid-5th C.–5th C.'s 2nd half Fujii-dera City
Oka Misan-zai 245m 2nd half of 5th C.
Sen-boku, Osaka Kami-ishizu Misan-zai 365m 1st half of 5th C. Mozu Sakai City
Daisen-ryo 486m mid-5th C.
Haji Nisan-zai 300m 2nd half of 5th C.
Mi-shima, Osaka Ota Cha-usu-yama 226m 5th C. Mi-shima Ibara-ki City
Sen-nan Osaka Sairyo 210m 1st half of 5th C. Tan-nowa Misaki Town, Osaka
Oka-yama Pref. Tsu-kuri-yama 350m 1st half of 5th C. - Okay-ama City
(Misu) Tsu-kuri-yama 282m mid-5th C. - Soja City
Gumma Pref. Ota Tenjin-yama 210m 1st half of 5th C. - Ota City

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The 6th century

A list of kofun of which length are 200 meters or more (The 6th C.)
Area Name Size Peri-od Clus-ter Name Loca-tion
Minami Kawa-chi, Osaka Kawa-chi 0tsuka-yama 335m mid 6th C. or later Furu-ichi Matsu-bara City
S. Nara Basin Mise Maru-yama 330m 2nd half of 6th C. - Kashi-hara City

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My Summary

I am interested in the relationship between Wa and the Korean Peninsula countries because the connection must have directly influenced Iwase-senzuka leaders.

I need to properly understand itself before I look into the Japanese association with the peninsula and I feel that this distribution of large-sized kofun contains clues about that.

What I have found in this list are as follows.

  • Considering the size and the number of kofun in the 5th century, population growth must have occurred in the period. I think there were at least two reasons.
    • Spread of iron farm implements which led to agricultural land expansion and increase in the yield.
    • Introduction of new cooking ware such as steamers and stoves which led to nutritional improvement.
  • The distribution of large-sized kofun makes me imagine that the early imperial family branched out into several lineages. Bitter factional struggles might have taken place, but the burial mounds themselves indicate nothing about that.
  • Locations of the large-sized kofun, however, might present the succession race results. Taking imperial mausolea positions into account, the transition seems to be as follows.
    • An area around Yanagimoto kofun cluster in the south-eastern part of the Nara Basin from the mid-3rd C to the 2nd half of the 4th C. (The first central power of )
    • An area around Saki Tatanami kofun cluster in the northern part of the Nara Basin between the 2nd half of the 4th C and the beginning of the 5th C. (Leaders from Umami kofun cluster area in the south-western part of the Nara Basin must also have played important roles in the administration.)
    • An area around Mozu and Furuichi kofun clusters in the southern part of present Osaka Prefecture from the 1st half of the 5th C until the mid-6th C.
    • Asuka in the most southern part of the Nara Basin after the mid-6th C.

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